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T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad vs Union Of India & Ors

Supreme Court9 May 2008K.G. Balakrishnan · Arijit Pasayat · S.H. Kapadia

Ratio decidendi

The rule this decision rests on

Where the Supreme Court has previously accepted Net Present Value (NPV) compensation principles for forest land diversion and specified certain categories requiring exemption from such payment, typographical errors in that order may be corrected by clarifying the precise list of activities and the conditions under which full or partial exemptions apply, without reopening the substantive principle itself. Where exemptions from NPV payment for forest land diversion are to be granted, they must be confined to the specified categories and must satisfy the prescribed conditions: for activities involving no tree-felling and outside protected areas, full exemption up to 1 hectare is permissible; for boulder and silt collection, full exemption requires departmental or government undertaking execution and use of proceeds for forest conservation; for underground optical fibre cables and pre-1980 regularisation, full exemptions are granted subject to location outside National Parks or Sanctuaries; for underground mining, 50 per cent of NPV is payable; and exemptions for cases not falling within these categories may be granted on a case-by-case basis where peculiar circumstances warrant them.

Written by Miss Lucy from the judgment below, not taken from a headnote.

Judgment

As delivered

[2008] 8 S.C.R. 152
T.N. Godavaraman Thirumulpadv.
Union of India and Ors.
I.As. No. 826 etc.In(Writ Petition ) No. 202 of 1995)
May 9, 2008

[K.G. BALAKRISHNAN, CJI, Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND S.H. KAPADIA, JJ]

The Order of the Court was delivered by

On 28th March, 2008, we had passed an order regarding payment of Net Present Value (NPV) accepting the recommendations made by CEC which were more or less acceptable to MoEF. In that order we had also indicated that exemptions from payment of NPV have to be granted in respect of certain categories. However, it is brought to our notice that certain typographical mistakes had crept in that order as to categories to which such exemptions are to be granted. Therefore, we direct that as regards exemptions from payment of NPV, the last part of that order reading "We are of the view..... (x) construction of the transmission lines" on pages 10 to 11 shall stand substituted with the following :-

Category

i) Schools

ii) Hospitals

iii) Children's play ground of non commercial nature

iv) Community centres in rural areas

v) Over-head tanks

vi) Village tanks,

vii) Laying of underground drinking water pipeline upto 4 diameter and

viii) Electricity distribution line upto 22 KV in rural areas.

Relocation of villages from the National Parks/Sanctuary to alternate forest land

Collection of boulders/silts from the river belts in the forest area

Laying of underground optical fibre cable

Pre-1980 regularisation of encroachments and conversion of forest villages into revenue villages Underground mining CEC

Full exemption upto 1 ha. of forest land provided :

(a) no felling of trees is involved; (b) alternate forest land is not available; (c) the project is of non-commercial nature and is part of the

Plan/Non-Plan Scheme of Government; and

(d) the area is outside National Park/Sanctuary

Full Exemption

Full exemption provided :

(a) area is outside National Park/Sanctuary;

(b) no mining lease is approved/signed in respect of this area;

(c) the works including the sale of boulders/silt are carried out departmentally or through Government undertaking or through the Economic Development Committee or Joint Forest Management Committee;

(d) the activity is necessary for conservation and protection of forests; and

(e) the sale proceeds are used for protection/conservation of forests

Full exemption provided :

(a) no felling of trees is involved; and

(b) areas falls outside National Park/Sanctuary

Full exemption provided these are strictly in accordance with MoEF's Guidelines dated 18.9.1990.

50% of the NPV of the entire area

The above recommendations for exemptions are accepted. If, in any case, exemption is required by nature of the peculiar circumstances of the case, the same would be decided as and when necessary on a case to case basis.

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