Pramod Kumar Mantri & Anr vs State Of Orissa
- Neutral1997 INSC 64
- SCR[1997] 1 SCR 567
Ratio decidendi
The rule this decision rests on
Where eyewitness evidence on material particulars is discrepant, and there is no corroborating medical or forensic evidence of the acts alleged, the prosecution cannot prove beyond reasonable doubt that the accused shared a common intention with the principal offender to commit the crime charged. Where the evidence establishes that co-accused did not participate in the actual assault on the deceased, the doctrine of common intention under Section 34 I.P.C. cannot be invoked to hold them liable for the principal offence of murder; liability for culpable homicide without the intention to cause death may be considered where the evidence shows the accused were present and their presence facilitated the crime.
Written by Miss Lucy from the judgment below, not taken from a headnote.
Judgment
As delivered
Hon'ble Mr. Justice K. Ramaswamy Hon'ble Mr. Justice G.T.Nanavati Janaranjan Das and K.N.Tripathy, Advs. for the appellants Indrajit Roy and P.N.Misra, Advs. for the Respondent O R D E R The following Order of the Court was delivered:
O R D E R Delay condoned.
Leave granted.
We have heard learned counsel on both sides. By order dated November 8, 1996 the petition was dismissed as against the first petitioner, Bhikari Behera and notice was ordered in respect of the remaining two petitioners, namely, Pramod Kumar Mantri, Bhagirathi Rout. The case of the prosecution is that on May 28, 1988 at about 10.00 a.m., all the three accused armed with Thengas entered into the house of deceased Bauribandhu. A-1 had hit him on the head twice and threw his down. Thereafter, the three accused had dragged the deceased outside the house. When wife and son of the deceased raised alarm, they ran away from the place. FIR was lodged at about 11.30 A.M. and thereafter investigation was conducted. The appellants and two others have been charged under Section 302 read with under Section 149 I.P.C. The Courts below convicted the appellants for an offence punishable under Section 302 read with Section 34 I.P.C. As regards the assault by the appellants, there is no corroborating evidence by the doctor as to dragging of the deceased by the accused. Even the evidence of the eye-witnesses is discrepant on material particulars. Accused Nos. 2 and 3 were standing behind PW-2.
If really all the three accused had entered into the house all of them would have attacked the deceased. That is not the case of the prosecution. Under these circumstances, the prosecution cannot be said to have proved beyond reasonable doubt that the appellants shared the common intention with A-1 to kill the deceased. Even the evidence of PW-1 that they entered the house and dragged the deceased is not reliable since the admission in the cross-examination is that there was no blood stain outside the house. Had the dragging really been there, there would be trail of blood.
The appeals are accordingly allowed. The conviction and sentence of the appellants Nos. 2 and 3 for an offence under Section 304, Part II, IPC stand set aside.
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