Ongc Employees Mazdoor Sabha vs The Executive Director Basin Manager, Oil And Natural Gas Corporation (India) Ltd.

REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CIVIL APPEAL NO. 1570 OF 2020 (Arising out of Special Leave Petition (C) No. 14475/2016)

ONGC EMPLOYEES MAZDOOR SABHA Appellant(s)

VERSUS

THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR BASIN MANAGER, OIL & NATURAL GAS CORPORATION (INDIA) LTD. Respondent(s)

J U D G M E N T

R.F. Nariman, J.

1) Leave granted.

2) Between 1999 and 2001, the respondent-Oil & Natural Gas

Corporation (India) Ltd. (for short ‘the ONGC’) called for

names from the Employment Exchange to fill up sanctioned posts

(Class III & IV) of about 800 persons on a term basis i.e. for

4 years. Interview call letters were issued and after

conducting interviews, appointment orders for the said period

was issued as per inter se merit of the available candidates.

It must be stated that the only error in this order of

employment is that no public advertisement in the newspapers

was first given.

Signature Not Verified Digitally signed by SUSHMA KUMARI BAJAJ Date: 2020.02.20

3) The appellant-Union thereafter demanded regular 17:30:34 IST Reason:

appointments to 577 term based employees who were appointed by

the respondent-ONGC during 1991 to 2001. The conciliation 2

proceedings which took place in 2003 failed as a result of

which an industrial dispute was referred to the Industrial

Tribunal at Ahmedabad in the following terms:

“Whether the demand of the ONGC Employees Majdoor Sabha, Baroda to give regular appointment to 577 term based appointees (list enclosed) is proper or just? If so, what relief the workmen are entitled for and what directions are necessary in the matter?”

4) By an Award dated 08.11.2011, the Industrial Tribunal,

Ahmedabad partly allowed the reference and directed

regularization of some of the services of these 577 workmen in

the following terms:

(i) Out of 577 term based appointees of 1999, 2000 and 2001 as per list attached to the reference, those who either expired or resigned or terminated or tenure completed or are absent are now out of the court and so those are not entitled to get any relief inspite of raising demand by the union under the reference.

(ii) Out of 577 term based appointees as per list attached to the reference those who have been selected and appointed against regular vacancies so far and those who were also appointed on regular post being dependants of deceased employees (DOD’s) so far are not entitled to get any relief in this reference case.

(iii) Out of 577 term based appointees as per list attached to the reference, those who raised dispute for their regularization also on completing 240 days of works in the preceding calendar years and the award passed in their favour and the list of 3

such employees covered under Hon’ble Supreme Court’s Judgment in Civil Application No. C607/2005 regarding field party workman read with order dated 08.02.2008 in IA No. 10/2007 in Civil Application No. 6607/2005, selected against regular post under order of the Court are, also excluded from getting any relief in this reference, if, (here has been no change in condition of service of any of them by way of removal etc. without getting approval/permission from the tribunal and if, condition of service of any one has been changed and any complaint case is pending, then the person if any, shall be entitled to the relief.

(iv) Out of 577 term based appointees as per list attached to the reference, those whose term had not been extended in the year 2004 and filed complaint in this reference case which are pending are entitled to get relief in this case for considering them for regular appointments by the 1st parties.

(v) Out of 577 appointees as per list attached to the reference, 30 persons who are separated as per list of Field Operator furnished by the first parties on 18.07.2011 are not entitled to get any relief.

(vi) Out of the remaining of 577 term based appointees, who are still continuing on the posts on which they were appointed and are getting extensions of term/tenure are directed to be treated and covered within priority case of consideration zone for given them regular appointment by the management of ONGC (1 st parties). The 1st parties are directed to work out such number of appointees with intimation to the 2nd party union.

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(vii) The first parties are directed to undertake exercise of giving regular appointment to the remaining term based appointees calling them for interview if, necessary, and not to import recruitment from open market inviting fresh applications for the regular posts unless term appointees are given regular appointments of class III & IV posts.”

5) The appellant-Employees Union being aggrieved by this

Award approached, by way of a Special Civil Application, the

High Court of Gujarat to the extent that the Tribunal had not

granted appointment to the workmen with effect from the date

on which they had been initially appointed and/or from the

date on which they completed probation. By a judgment dated

26.04.2013, a learned Single Judge of the Gujarat High Court

allowed this writ petition in part stating:

“15. In view of the fact that the workmen have already undergone the procedures of recruitment such as examinations and interviews and have been working with the respondent Corporation for years, their case deserves to be considered. However, it is pointed out that some of the employees have undergone fresh interview and were appointed on regular basis. In that view of the matter, in order to avoid any complication with regard to seniority and other aspects, interest of justice would be met by directing the respondent Corporation to treat the concerned workmen on regular employment with effect from 24.01.2005 or the date of first reissuance of appointment order 5

as the case may be, and accordingly grant notional benefits from the said date till 31.03.2013 and to pay them regular pay and allowances with effect from 01.04.2013.

Accordingly, the following directions are issued:

[i] The concerned workmen involved in these cases are not required to undergo any more recruitment examinations since they have been appointed after following necessary procedure and are working with the corporation since then.

[ii] The respondent Corporation shall treat the concerned workmen on regular employment with effect from 24.01.2005 or the date of first reissuance of appointment order as the case may be.

[iii] Accordingly the respondent Corporation shall grant notional benefits to the concerned workmen from the said date till 31.03.2013 and shall pay them regular pay and allowances with effect from 01.04.2013.

[iv] The direction of the Tribunal not to import recruitment from open market inviting fresh applications for the regular posts unless term appointees are given regular appointments of Class III and IV posts is quashed and set aside.

[v] It shall be open to the respondent Corporation to initiate action for recruitment for remaining vacancies, if any, after absorption of concerned workmen from open market.

[vi] In case the regular salary is being paid to the concerned workmen pursuant to the 6

interim order of this Court, no recovery thereof shall be effected by the Corporation.

16. The award of the Labour Court is modified accordingly. Special Civil Applications No. 2248 of 2012 and No. 2813 of 2012 are partly allowed. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid extent with no order as to costs.

Special Civil Application No. 16777 of 2012 is dismissed. Rule is discharged with no order as to costs. In view of the order passed in Special Civil Application No. 2248 & 2813 of 2012, no orders are required to be passed in Civil Application No. 14144 of 2012 and the same is accordingly disposed of.”

6) Two Letters Patent Appeals from this judgment that were

filed were both dismissed, one by the Workers Union, and one

by the ONGC by the impugned judgment dated 29.04.2015. What

was held by the judgments of the learned Single Judge and the

Division Bench is that at the highest the initial appointment

of the members of the appellant-Union could be termed to be

irregular but not illegal. The ONGC appealed from the

Division Bench judgment dated 29.04.2015, which was dismissed

by this Court’s order dated 17.08.2015 stating as follows:

“Taking into consideration the peculiar facts and circumstances of these special leave petitions, we are not inclined to interfere with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court of Gujarat. Accordingly, the special leave petitions are dismissed.” 7

The limited question that arises before us today is on what

date to treat the concerned workmen to be on regular

appointment.

7) Mr. K.V. Viswanathan, learned Senior Advocate appearing

on behalf of the appellant-Union has taken us through the

record and has stated that his clients ought to be

regularized from the date of the initial

appointment/completion of probation and that the learned

Single Judge in confining relief only from 24.01.2005 or the

date of first reissuance of the appointment order as the case

may be and granting notional instead of actual benefits from

the said date is wholly incorrect and ought to be set aside

by this Court.

8) Mr. K.M. Nataraj, learned Additional Solicitor General

appearing for the respondent, on the other hand, points that

that what has been done by the learned Single Judge is

absolutely correct in law inasmuch as regularization has been

given but cannot be given on actuals retrospectively.

Hence, the date of 24.01.2005 which is the last date on which

the four year term comes to an end is a date which is just

and could well have been given. Regular pay and allowances,

therefore, as was correctly given to the employees union from

01.04.2013 (that is the date of the month in which the

learned Single Judge decided the Special Civil Application)

was also something well within the jurisdiction of the

learned Single Judge in exercising powers under Article 226

and 227 of the Constitution of India.

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9) Mr. K.V. Viswanathan has strongly relied upon Oil and

Natural Gas Corporation Limited vs. Petroleum Coal Labour

Union and Others, (2015) 6 SCC 494, which, according to the

learned senior advocate applies clearly to the facts of this

case, this Court having granted regularization to similarly

placed employees from the date of their entitlement i.e.

after completion of 240 days of service in a calendar year in

the Corporation as was provided in the Certified Standing

Orders that were relied upon in that case.

10) On the other hand, Mr. K.M. Nataraj, learned ASG has

pointed out that this judgment is distinguishable on facts in

that the Award passed by the Industrial Tribunal in that case

itself directed the appellant-Corporation to regularize

services of the workmen concerned with effect from the date

on which they completed 480 days. Also, since this was

expressly provided for in the Certified Standing Orders of

the Corporation, the case is completely distinguishable. We

have also been informed that this judgment is pending

consideration of a larger Bench by a reference order dated

07.02.2020.

11) The learned ASG appears to be correct in that the

judgment reported in Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited

(supra), in any case, does not lay down any law with respect

to the entitlement of the workers to regularization in that

case. It was a case which depended entirely on its own facts

and was dependent upon a reading of Certified Standing Orders

of the Corporation in this behalf. The question of law that 9

was decided by this judgment has no bearing whatsoever on the

issue that is before us.

12) The Learned ASG then cited Surendra Kumar and Others vs.

Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority and Others

(2015) 14 SCC 382, which, on facts, concerned a policy

decision to regularize the services of 27 contractual

employees of the respondent taken in 2003 which was approved

by the Government in 2008, the appellants being appointed

only on 06.08.2010. On the facts of that case, it was held

that when vacancies were initially advertised the appellants

had no substantive right against the notified vacancies and

applying the principles contained in State of Karnataka vs.

Umadevi (2006) 4 SCC 1, this Court stated that the appellants

cannot seek regularization with retrospective effect from

2002 as the regularization policy itself was not in vogue at

that time. This judgment again is far removed from the facts

of this case and is wholly distinguishable in that in the

present case the only irregularity in the appointment was the

lack of a public advertisement apart from which each and

every other condition for employment is met.

13) The learned ASG then cited Divisional Manager, A.P. SRTC

and Others vs. P. Lakshmoji Rao and Others, (2004) 2 SC 433

and, in particular, relied upon para 16 of the said judgment

which reads as follows:-

“16. In the light of the above discussion, we are of the view that the law laid down or the directions given in various writ petitions/writ 10

appeals are not legally sustainable for more than one reason. Firstly, wrong criterion based on Section 25-B of the ID Act was applied in case after case. Secondly, the respondents and other similarly situated employees approached the Court under Article 226 long after their regularization, thereby unsettling the settled position. Thirdly, on the facts of these cases, it is evident that the services of the employees who were recruited as conductors were regularized within a reasonable time. The respondent employees were therefore treated fairly. No service rule or regulation or any other principle of law has been pressed into service by the respondents to claim regularization from an anterior date i.e. right from the date of their initial appointment as daily-wage employees.”

On a perusal of para 16, it is clear that that case turned

upon the mis-application of Section 25-B of the Industrial

Disputes Act in case after case. Secondly, it was also

mentioned that the respondents and other similarly situated

employees approached the Court long after regularization

thereby unsettling the settled position and, (presumably)

affecting the rights of other employees as well. Thirdly, on

facts it was also found that the persons who are recruited as

conductors were regularized within a reasonable time. Based

on these three factors it was finally held that it would be

unjust on the facts of that case to grant regularization from

an anterior date i.e. from the date of initial appointment as 11

daily-wage employees.

14) On facts in the present case, what is clear is that as

soon as the four year period got over, the employees

collectively through their Union approached the Central

Government and the Central Government in exercise of its

powers under the Industrial Disputes Act referred an

industrial dispute immediately on 21.12.2004. This dispute

was ultimately answered by the Central Government Industrial

Tribunal many years later only on 08.11.2011. On the facts of

this case, therefore, we are of the view that the Corporation

must treat the concerned workmen which includes 111 out of

these 577 employees who have been regularized earlier to be in

regular employment on and from the date on which the

industrial dispute was referred i.e. 21.12.2004 and

accordingly grant all actual benefits from the said date till

01.04.2013. The other directions that have been given by the

learned Single Judge will remain intact. The appeal is

allowed in the aforesaid terms.

.......................... J.

(ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN)

.......................... J.

(S. RAVINDRA BHAT)

.......................... J.

(V. RAMASUBRAMANIAN) New Delhi;

February 13, 2020.