M/S. Annapurna Infrastructure Pvt. ... vs M/S. Soril Infra Resources Ltd

Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) No. 32 of 2017

[arising out of Order dated 24th March, 2017 by NCLT, Principal Bench, New Delhi in C.P. No. (IB)-22(PB)/20171

M/s. Annapurna Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. and anr. Appellants

Vs.

M/s. SORIL Infra Resources Ltd. Respondent

Present: For Appellants - Shri Vijay Nair, Shri Prashant Jam, Ms. Aparna Malhotra and Ms. Sanyogita Jam, Advocates.

For Respondent- Shri Chetan Sharma, Shri Abhishek Swaroop and Shri Rudreshwar Singh, Advocates.

JUDGMENT

SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA, J.

This appeal has been preferred by the appellants against order dated 24th

March, 2017 passed by the Learned Adjudicating Authority (National Company

Law Tribunal), Principal Bench, New Delhi whereby the application preferred by

the appellant under Section 9 of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016

(hereinafter referred to as 'I & B Code') for initiation the Corporate Insolvency

Resolution Process against the 'Corporate Debtor' has been rejected on the

ground that there is an existence of dispute pending adjudication between the

parties.

2. In order to decide the controversy in its proper perspective, it will be

necessary to notice the material facts.

2

3. Appellants rented the premises, rent of which was payable by respondent

- Corporate. Debtor pursuant to Lease Deed dated 23rd November, 2005 but

having not paid, the parties invoked arbitratiOn clause. Pursuant to the order

passed by the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi, Hon'ble Justice (Dr) Mukundakam

Sharma (Retired) was appointed as a Sole Arbitrator to adjudicate all disputes

arising out of Lease Deed dated 23rd November, 2005 between the appellants and

the respondent.

4. The Arbitrator passed an award on 9th September, 2016 in favour of the

appellants granting the following relief:-

"a. Rs.2,67,52,283/- on account of rend from 1.4.2008 upto

22.3.2010 along with interest @ 12% per annum w.e.f.

23.3.2010 upto the date of the Award.

b. Rs. 1,11,56,145/-on account of damages equivalent to rend for

a period of 6 months from 22.3.2010.

C. Future interest @12% per annum on the amounts, as calculated

above, from the date of the award till the date of realization."

5. The respondent then challenged the award under Sec. 34 of the Arbitration

and Conciliation Act, 1996 (hereinafter referred to as 'Arbitration Act') with the

prayer to set aside the award. The application preferred by respondent under

Sec. 34 was dismissed on 19th December, 2016 affirming the award,

6. As a consequence, the appellants issued a demand notice dated 13th

January, 2017 under Sec. 8 of the I & B Code. In response to the demand notice,

respondent filed a reply on 27th January, 2017 raising objection on the ground

that there is an existence of dispute about 'Operational Debt'. It was also stated that the appeal bearing No. FA(OS)(COMM) 20 of 2017 has been filed under

section 37 of the Arbitration Act against the order dated 19th December, 2016

before the Ld. Single Judge. It was also pointed out that an execution

proceedings to recover the amount due under the award dated 9th September,

2016 have also been initiated and are pending consideration before the Hon'ble

Delhi High Court

7. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that the 1st appellant is to

be regarded as an "operational creditor" within the meaning of Sec 9 nw sub-

sections (20) and (21) of Section 5 of the I&B Code. A reference has also been

invited to the definition of the words 'debt' and 'default' as defined in Section

3(11) and Section 3(12) of the I&B Code.

8. According to learned counsel for the appellants the award passed by the

learned Arbitrator had attained finality as the application under Section 34 of

the Arbitration Act has been dismissed on 19th December, 2016 It was further

contended that expression "arbitration proceedings" used in Sec. 8(2)(a) of the

I&B Code cannot be deemed to be pending because under Sec 21 of the

Arbitration Act, arbitration proceedings commenced on the date on which

request for referring such a dispute to arbitration was received by the

respondent. The said proceeding came to an end in terms of Sec. 32 on the date

of announcing the final award or by an order of the Arbitral Tribunal in

accordance with sub-section (2) of Sec 32 of the Arbitration Act According to

the learned counsel for the appellants, there is no arbitral proceeding pending

and it reached finality and come to an end on 9th September, 2016 4

9 Similar argument was advanced by the learned counsel for the appellant

before the learned Adjudicating Authority wherein reliance was placed on

decision of one or other High Court's order.

10. According to the learned counsel for the respondent the petition under

Sec. 9 of the I&B Code is not maintainable because the appellants do not owe

any 'operational debts' to the Corporate Debtor and thereby the 1st appellant is

not an 'operational creditor'. Referring to the definition of 'operational debts' as

defined under Section 5(2 1) of the I&B Code, learned counsel for the respondent

contended that ipsofacto claim arising out of 'supply of goods' and providing

'services', which may include employment will not amount to operation debt.

Therefore, ipsofacto the 1st appellant does not and cannot qualify to be an

'operational creditors', as there is no 'operational debt'. "Debt" is not arising

under the law for the time being inforce as is mandate of sub-section (2 1) of Sec.

5 of the I & B Code and it would be attracted only when the said debt is payable

as-per said provision.

11. It was further contended that Sections 8, 9, 5(20) and 5(2 1) must be

construed in accordance with the object of the court as outlined in the long title.

12. Similar arguments was advanced by the learned counsel for the

respondent before the learned Adjudicating Authority wherein a number of

decisions of other Courts and Tribunal were also relied upon.

13. Learned Tribunal at the beginning before deciding the dispUte observed

that "it is a classical case where a dispute between the parties has already

been subjected to the arbitration proceedings which are yet to attain

finality". Thereby, we find that learned Adjudicating Authority before deciding

the issue made up their mind that 'a dispute is pending and not attained finality'. 5

We do not appreciate such observation, as before discussing the case and claim

of the parties and the provision of law, the Adjudicating Authority cannot express

and open its mind. Learned Adjudicating Authority while decided the question

as to whether the appellants come within the meaning of 'operational creditor',

rejected the submission that the 'arbitration proceedings' stand concluded by

virtue of Section 32 of the Arbitration Act.

14. Learned Adjudicating Authority while held that the application is not

maintainable, observed as follows:

"27. We are further of the view that already proceedings for

execution of the award have been initiated. An effective remedy

has been availed by the applicant. We have not been able to

accept that a party can invoke more than one remedy

simultaneously. It is in fact against the fundamental principles

of judicial administration to allow a party to avail more than

one remedies. Ordinarily only one remedy at one time could be

availed as is evident from the fundamental principles laid down

in section 10 CPC. It would promote forum shopping which is

wholly impermissible in law.

15. We have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the record.

16. The questions arise for determination in this appeal are:-

(i) Whether there is an 'existence of dispute' between the parties, the

award passed by Arbitral Tribunal having affirmed by the Court

under Sec. 34 of the Arbitration Act?

6

(ii) Whether pendency of a proceeding for execution of an award or a

judgment and decree bar an operational creditor to prefer any

petition under the I & B Code?

(iii) Whether the 1St appellant is an 'operational creditor' within the

meaning of Sec. 5(20) nw Sec. 5(2 1) of the I & B Code?

17. Before deciding the first and second issue, it is desirable to refer the

observations of the Adjudicating Authority to understand the reasons for not

entertaining the application under Sec. 9. The Tribunal proceeded on

presumption that a dispute is pending in view of the pendency of a case under

Sec. 37 of the Arbitration Act as is apparent from the observation and finding

quoted below:

"22. In the instant case an arbitral award has been announced on

9.9.2016 and the application for setting aside the award filed

under section 34 of the Arbitration Act has been rejected on

19.12.2016. It has been mentioned by the respondent in its

reply dated 27.01.2017 sent under section 8(2) of the Code to the

notice issued under section 8(1) of the Code by the applicant that

the debt is disputed and appeal under section 37 of the

Arbitration Act is pending. The reply dated 27.1.2017 reads as

under:-

"1. At the outset, kindly note that our client is disputing the

existence of the 'operational debt' allegedly payable to you

by. our client.. Our client is vigorously contesting the Award dated 9.9.2016 (Award) passed by Mr. Justice

Mukundakam Sharma (Retd.), Sole Arbitrator, in Arbitration

Case No.3 of 2013, before the Hon'ble Delhi High Court.

2. As you are aware, our client had filed a petition under section

34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (Act) bearing

No. OMP (Comm.) No. 570 of 2016, before the Hon'ble Delhi

High Court vide order dated 19.12.2016. Please note that our

client has filed an appeal against the said order under

section 37of the Act, bearing No. FAO(OS)(COMM) 20 of2017,

for setting aside the order dated 1912.206, and the same is

presently pending adjudication before the Hon'ble Court.

3. In view of the above, please note that no default has occurred

in terms of section 8(1) of the Code and, therefore, no process

for Corporate Insolvency Resolution can be initiated at this

stage Any action in this regard would be at your own cost,

risk and consequences.

Kindly note that this reply is without prejudice to

any other rights or remedies available to our client under

contract and in law."

23. A close examination of the aforesaid reply would show that

the respondents have disputed the existence of 'Operational

Debt' by disclosing that its application under section 34 of the

Arbitration Act was dismissed and the appeal under section

37 of the Arbitration Act bearing No. FAO (OS)(COMM) 20 of

2017 was pending adjudication. It is also pertinent to mention that the applicant has filed a caveat for issuance of

notice to it before passing any order. Therefore the applicants

are contesting the litigation tooth nail before this forum. In this

backdrop respondent has claimed no default within the

meaning section 8(1) read with section 3(12) of the Code is

deemed to have occurred. It is also pertinent to notice that

execution proceedings for enforcement of the award have also

been initiated and are pending for consideration of the Hon 'ble

Delhi High Court on 12.5.2017.

24. In the face of the aforesaid facts we find that there is complete

answer to the claim made by the applicant in terms of section

8(2)(a) read with section 9(1) of the 'Code' which bars initiation

of insolvency process It cannot be said that arbitration

proceedings have come to an end merely on the dismissal of

application under section 34 of the Arbitration Act as sought to

be canvassed on behalf of the applicant. The proceedings are

yet to attain finality as appeal under section 37 of the

Arbitration Act is pending. On behalf of the respondents

reliance has rightly been placed on the judgement of the

Bombay High Court rendered in the cases of DSL Enterprises

Private Ltd (DB) and Rajendra (SB) (Supra)

25. We have not been able to persuade ourselves to accept the

submission advanced on behalf of the applicant that

'arbitration proceedings' stand concluded by virtue of section

32 of the Arbitration Act The argument is wholly unsustainable once we take into account the provisions of

section 33 of the Arbitration Act itself It provides for

corrections and interpretation of award and even for

additional award after the award has been announced. As

already observed section 34 and section 37 of the Arbitration

Act provide for setting aside of the award and the remedy

of appeal The appeal under section 37 of the Arbitration Act is

still pending. The judgements of Bombay High Court has been

rightly relied upon by the learned counsel for respondents"

18. The Adjudicating Authority further proceeded to observe:

"27. We are further of the view that already proceedings for

execution of the award have been initiated. An effective

remedy has been availed by the applicant. We have not been

able to accept that a party can invoke more than one remedy

simultaneously. It is in fact against the fundamental principles

of judicial administration to allow a party to avail more than

one remedies. Ordinarily only one remedy at one time could be

availed as is evidentfrom the fund amental principles laid down

in section 10 CPC. It would promote forum shopping which is

wholly imprmissible in law."

19. To decide the question as to whether the pendency of case under Section

37 of the Arbitration Act amounts to pendency of a dispute before a court of law,

it is desirable to refer the relevant provisions of the I & B Code. 10

20. Sub-section (6) of Section 5 of the I & B Code defines 'dispute' as follows:

"5. In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires,--

(6) "dispute" includes a suit or arbitration proceedings relating to--

(a) the existence of the amount of debt;

(b) the quality of goods or service; or

(c) the breach of a'representation or warranty;"

21. Clause (a) of sub-section (2) of Sec. 8 relates to an existence of dispute, as

quoted herein:

"8. (2) The corporate debtor shall, within a period of ten days of the

receipt of the demand notice or copy of the invoice mentioned in

sub-section (1) bring to the notice of the operational creditor--

(a) existence of a dispute, if any, and record of the pendency of the

suit or arbitration proceedings filed before the receipt of such

notice or invoice in relation to such dispute;

(b) the repayment of unpaid operational debt--

(i) by sending an attested copy of the record of electronic

transfer of the unpaid amount from the bank account of

the corporate debtor; or

(ii) by sending an attested copy of record that the

operational creditor has encashed a cheque issued by

the corporate debtor.

ii

Explanation.-- For the purposes of this section, a "demand

notice" means a notice served by an operational creditor

to the corporate debtor demanding repayment of the

operational debt in respect of which the default has

occurred."

22. From clause (a) of sub-section (2) of Sec. 8, we find that pendency

of an arbitration proceedings has been termed to be an 'existence of dispute'

and not the pendency of an application under Sec. 34 or Sec. 37 of the

Arbitration Act.

23. Form 5 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy (Application to Adjudicating

Authority) Rules, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as the 'Rules, 2016') is the form

required to be filled to apply under Sec. 9 of the I&B Code, wherein the order

passed by Arbitral Panel has been cited as one of the document, record and

evidence of default. This is apparent from Part V of Form 5, as quoted below:

"FORM 5

Part-V

PARTICULARS OF OPERATIONAL DEBT [DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND EVIDENCE OF DEFAULT]'

1. PARTICULARS OF SECURITY HELD, IF ANY, THE DATE OF ITS CREATION, ITS ESTIMATED VALUE AS PER THE CREDITOR. ATTACH A COPY OF A CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION OF CHARGE ISSUED BY THE REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES (IF THE CORPORATE DEBTOR IS A COMPANY)

2. DETAILS OF RESERVATION / RETENTION OF TITLE ARRANGEMENTS (IF ANY) IN RESPECT OF GOODS TO WHICH THE OPERATIONAL DEBT REFERS

3. PARTICULARS OF AN ORDER OF A COURT, TRIBUNAL OR ARBITRAL PANEL ADJUDICATING ON THE DEFAULT, IF ANY (ATTACH A COPY OF THE ORDER)

4. RECORD OF DEFAULT WITH THE INFORMATION UTILITY, IF ANYfA7TACH A COPY OF SUCH RECORD) 12

5. DETAILS OF SUCCESSION CERTIFICATE, OR PROBATE OF A WILL, OR LETTER OFADMINISTRATION, OR COURT DECREE (AS MAY BE APPLICABLE), UNDER THE INDIAN SUCCESSION ACT, 1925 (10 OF 1925)JATTACHA COPY)

6. PROVISION OF LAW, CONTRACTOR OTHER DOCUMENT UNDER WHICH OPERATIONAL DEBT HAS BECOME DUE

7. A STATEMENT OF BANK ACCOUNT WHERE DEPOSITS ARE MADE OR CREDITS RECEIVED NORMALLY BY THE OPERATIONAL CREDITOR IN RESPECT OF THE DEBT OF THE CORPORATE DEBTOR (ATTACH A COPY)

8. LIST OF OTHER DOCUMENTS ATTACHED TO THIS APPLICATION IN ORDER TO PROVE THE EXISTENCE OF OPERATIONAL DEBT AND THE AMOUNT IN DEFAULT

24. The aforesaid provisions and format of application makes it clear that

while pendency of the suit or arbitration proceeding has been termed as

existence of dispute, apart from other disputes decree and award of Tribunal has

been shown as record of default.

25. In Kirusa Software Private Ltd. Vs. Mobilox Innovations Private

Limited - Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) 6 of 2017, this Appellate

Tribunal by judgment dated 24th May, 2017 while deciding the meaning of

'dispute'and "existence of dispute' held

"32. There may be other cases such as a suit relating to existence of

amount of debt stands decided and decree is pending for

execution. Similarly, existence of amount of debt or quality of

goods or service for which a suit have been filed and decreed;

an award has been passed by Arbitral Panel,

though petition under Section 34 of Arbitration and

Reconciliation Act, 1996 may be pending. In such case the

question will arise whether a petition under Section 9

will be maintainable particularly when it was a suit or

arbitration proceeding is not pending, but stand decided? 13

Though one may argue that Insolvency resolution process

cannot be misused for execution of a judgement and decree

passed in a suit or award passed by an arbitration Tribunal,

but such submission cannot be accepted in view of Form 5 of

Insolvency & Bankruptcy (Application to Adjudicating

Authority) Rules 2016 wherein a decree in suit and award has

been shown to be a debt for the purpose of default on non-

payment."

26. Under Sec. 36 of the Arbitration Act, an arbitral award is executable as

decree but it can be enforced only after the time for filing the application under

Sec 34 has expired and no application is made or such application having been

made has been rejected That means, the arbitral award reaches finality after

expiry of enforceable time under Sec. 34 and/or if application under Section 34

is filed and rejected

27 In Vzpul Agarwal vs Atul Kanodza & Co and anr. - [AIR 2004,A11

2051, the Hon'ble Allahabad High Court observed

"4 The language of the section clearly indicates that the award

can be executed in two situations - one when the time for filing an

application for setting aside the award has expired and no application

has been filed or where the application has been filed and it has been

refused It is not in dispute that an award can be executed as a decree

in view of the provisions of Section 36 of the Act The only questionfor

consideration in this case is whether the word 'refused' used in

Section 36 of the Act means afinal refusal after all the proceedings of

appeal etc. up to the Supreme Court are over or a refusal by the 14

District Judge is sufficient to make the award executable. If the

legislature intended that it is only after the application under Section

34 has been rejected at the appellate stage would the award be

enforceable it could have used such words as 'finally refused' in the

section. As stated above the first situation referred to in the section

when an award becomes executable is where the limitation for filing

an application under Section 34 has run out and no application has

been filed. The application for setting aside the award in the context

necessarily means the application filed before the District Judge as it

is the running out of the limit ation for such an application which would

make the award executable. It is clear, that the opening part of the

section does not refer to the running out of the period of limitation of

filing an appeal. Now the second situation when the award becomes

executable is when 'such application having been made' has been

refused. The words "such application having been made" are

significant. The words 'such application' refer to the application

contemplated in the first situation which is clear from the use of the

expression 'such' which in the context is used to describe something

which has been referred to earlier. On the plain language the refusal

contemplated in the section is the refusal by the Court where the

application is filed and not by the appellate Court. Section 37(1)(b) of

the Act provides for appeal against an order 'setting aside or refusing

to set aside an arbitral award under Section 34. The reference in the

expression 'refusing to set aside an arbitral award' is obviously to the

order of refusal of the application under Section 34 by the Court of

first instance because Section 34 refers to an application made before 15

the Court offirst instance. From the scheme of Sections 34, 36 and 37

it is clear that the refusal of the application referred to in Section 36

for setting aside the award is the application filed under Section 34.

An interpretation that Section 36 refers to the refusal of the application

at the stage of the appeal is not possible without straining the

language of Section 36 and adding the word 'finally' as qualifying

'refused'. Such an interpretation also does not promote any purpose,

which the legislature may have had in mind. The purpose of

arbitration is to provide a speedy remedy. If the award cannot be

executed until it has successfully borne all challenges even up to the

Apex Court it cannot be conceived of as a speedy remedy. While the

legislature has used the word 'final' in respect of an award in Section

35 the finality being subject to an appeal under Section 37, no such

expression of finality to the decision of an application under Section

34 has been used in Section 36."

28. Russell on Arbitration (22nd edition) paragraph 6.001 defines an award to

mean: "in principle an award is afinal determination of a particular

issue or claim in the arbitration

29. The Hon'ble Supreme Court in Centrotrade Minerals & Metals Inc. vs.

Hindustan Copper Limited [(2017)2 SCC 2281 while dealing with the finality

of award under Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 observed and held:

9. The general principle that we have accepted is supported by

two passages in Comparative International Commercial

Arbitration. In Para 24-3 thereof reference is made to Article

31(1) of the United Nations Commission on International Trade 16

Law (or UNcITRAL) Rules to suggest that while all awards are

decisions of the Arbitral Tribunal, all decisions of the Arbitral

Tribunal are not awards. Similarly, while a decision is generic,

an award is a more specific decision that affects the rights of

the parties, has important consequences and can be enforced.

The distinction between an award and a decision of an Arbitral

Tribunal is summarised in Para 24-13. It is observed that an

award:

(i) concludes the dispute as to the specific issue determined in the

award so that it has res judicata effect between the parties; if

it is a final award, it terminates the tribunal's jurisdiction;

(ii) disposes of parties' respective claims;

(iii) may be confirmed by recognition and enforcement;

(iv) may be challenged in the courts of the place of arbitration.

10. In International Arbitration a similar distinction is drawn between an

award and decisions such as procedural orders and directions. It is

observed that an award has finality attached to a decision on a

substantive issue. Para 9.08 in this context reads as follows:

The term "award" should generally be reserved for

decisions that finally determine the substantive issues with

which they deal. This involves distinguishing between awards,

which are concerned with substantive issues, and procedural

orders and directions, which are concerned with the conduct of

the arbitration. Procedural orders and directions help to move 17

the arbitration forward; they deal with such matters as the

exchange of written evidence, the production of documents, and

the arrangements for the conduct of the hearing. They do not

have the status of awards and they may perhaps be called into

question after the final award has been made (for example as

evidence of 'bias', or 'lack of due process')."

11. In International Commercial Arbitration the general characteristics of

an award are stated. In Para 1353 it is stated as follows:

"1 353.--An arbitral award can be defined as a final decision

by the arbitrators on all or part of the dispute submitted to them,

whether it concerns the merits of the dispute, jurisdiction, or a

procedural issue leading them to end the proceedings."

This is subsequently elucidated through four aspects of an award,

namely:

(i) an award is made by the arbitrators;

(ii) an award resolves a dispute;

(iii) an award is a binding decision; and

(iv) an award may be partial.

12. The arbitration result in the present case has all the elements and

ingredients of an arbitration award. Taking also into consideration

the view expressed by the above authors, we have no hesitation in

concluding that the "arbitration result" in the first part of Clause 14 of

the contract must mean an arbitration award given by the arbitral

panel of the Indian Council of Arbitration. To this extent we disagree 18

with -the learned counsel for Centrotrade but agree with the learned

counsel for Hindustan Copper Ltd. (hereafter referred to as

30. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respondent referred to the

decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Paramjeet Singh Pat heja Vs. ICDS

Limited - [ 2006 (13) SCC 322 J wherein interpreting Section 9(2)(a) and (b) of

the Presidency Towns Insolvency Act, 1909, the Apex Court held an arbitral

award is "decree" or "order" for the purpose of insolvency notice under Section

9(2) of the Presidency Towns Insolvency Act, 1909

31. The aforesaid decision is not applicable in the present context, the

Presidency Town Insolvency Act, 1909 having superseded by Insolvency and

Bankruptcy Code, 2016 and for the purpose of 'dispute' as 'existence of dispute',

only the pendency of arbitral proceeding has been accepted as one of the ground

of dispute. On the other hand, as apparent from Form 5 of Rules, 2016 for the

purpose of I&B Code, and Arbitral Award has been held to be a document of debt

and non-payment of awarded amount amounts to 'default' debt. Therefore, the

aforesaid decision referred by learned counsel for the respondent is of no help to

the respondent

32 What has been held by the learned Adjudicating Authority that a dispute

has been pending is not only against the provision of law and rules framed

thereunder, as noticed above, but is also against the decision of this Appellate

Tribunal in Kirusa Software Pvt. Ltd. as noticed above. In this background,

the finding of the Adjudicating Authority that a dispute pending is being against

the law cannot be upheld.

33. 'Insolvency and Bankruptcy is an act to consolidate and amend the laws

relating to reorganisation and insolvency resolution of corporate persons in a 19

time bound manner for maximisation of the value of assets of such person and

to promote the entrepreneurship, availability of credit and balance the interests

of all the stakeholders including alteration in the order of priority of payment of

the Government dues.' Insolvency resolution process is not a money suit for

recovery nor a suit for execution for any decree or award as distinct from Section

35 of the Arbitration Act, which relates to execution of an award For the reasons

aforesaid, while we hold that Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process can be

initiated for default of debt, as awarded under the Arbitratibn Act, we further

hold that the finding of the learned Adjudicating Authority that it is an

executable matter is against the essence of the I & B Code. The question of

availing any effective remedy or alternative remedy, in case of default of debt for

an 'operational creditor', as held by the learned Adjudicatory Authority, is not

based on any sound principle of law. For the reasons aforesaid, the impugned

order passed by the learned Adjudicating Authority cannot be sustained.

34. The issues Nos. 1 and 2 as framed and noticed above are, thereby

answered in the negative in favour of the appellant - 'Operational Creditor' and

against the respondent - 'Corporate Debtor'.

35. Sub-section (20) of Sec. 5 defines 'Operational Creditor', as follows:

5. 11 In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires,--

xxx

(20) "operational creditor" means a person to whom an operational

debt is owed and includes any person to whom such debt has

been legally assigned or transferred;"

36. Operational Debt is defined in sub-section (2 1) of Sec. 5 as follows:

"(21) "operational debt" means a claim in respect of the provision of

goods or services including employment or a debt in respect of 20

the repayment of dues arising under any law for the time being

in force and payable to the Central Government, any State

Government or any local authority;"

37. From the record, it appears that the 1st appellant claimed to be an

'operational creditor' on the basis of lease deed. The respondent in its reply has

taken a plea that the Adjudicating Authority has confined its finding to point as

dealt with in the impugned order and all other points, though urged and argued,

have not been considered.

38. From the impugned order dated 24th March, 2017, we find that the learned

Adjudicating Authority noticed the aforesaid plea at paragraph 6 of the impugned

judgment, as quoted below:

"6. In order to buttress his stand that applicant is an 'Operational

Creditor' learned counsel has placed reliance on a portion of para

3.2.2 of the report of the Bankruptcy Law Reforms Committee

Volume I: Rationale and Design and has argued that the report

clearly brings out that the obligation to pay rent is certainly cover by

the definition of expression 'Operational Creditors'. According to

the learned counsel the expression 'Operational Creditor 'used

in section 5(20) and 5(2 1) of the Code must be construed to

include the obligation to pay rent to the applicant as an

'Operational Creditor'. According to the learned counsel the

definition of 'Operational Creditor' as adopted in section

5(20) of the Code is not exhaustive but it is illustrative as it is

evident from the use of word 'include'. Mr. Nair has submitted

that it is well settledprinciple of law that wherever the 21

expression 'include' is used to define an expression then it has room

to imply many other things as the definition is not exclusive."

39. However, we find that the aforesaid issue has not been decided by the

learned Adjudicating Authority, having not entertained the application under

Sec. 9, on other ground of 'existence of dispute'.

40. For the reason aforesaid, while we hold that the finding of the learned

Adjudicating Authority insofar as it relates to 'award', 'default of debt' and the

'alternative remedy', are not based on sound principle and against the provisions

of law, we refrain to decide the question as to whether the 1st appellant is an

'operational creditor' or not which is first required to be decided by learned

Adjudicating Authority.

41. For the aforesaid reasons, we set aside the impugned order dated 24th

March, 2017 and remit the case to the learned Adjudicating Authority, Principal

Bench, New Delhi to decide as to whether the 1st appellant is an 'operational

creditor' and if so, whether the application under Sec. 9 preferred by the

appellants is complete for admitting and initiation of corporate insolvency

resolution process. If the first question relating to status of appellant as

'operational creditor' is decided in affirmative, in favour of the appellant, then

learned Adjudicating Authority will decide the issue whether the application is

'complete or not' and if not complete may grant seven days' time to the appellants

to complete the record as per the proviso to Sec. 9 of the I&B Code.

42. The appeal is allowed with aforesaid observations. We make it clear that

we have not expressed any opinion in regard to other questions such as whether

the 1st appellant is an operational creditor and whether the application preferred

under Sec. 9 is complete or not, which is to be decided by the Adjudicating 22

Authority after notice to the parties uninfluenced by any observation made in

the impugned order.

43. In the facts and circumstances, however, there shall be no order as to

costs.

[Balvinder Singh ] [Justice S.J. Mukhopadhaya] Member (Technical) Chairperson

NEW DELHI 29th August, 2017