Miss Lucy
← All judgments

Fertilizer Corporation Of India Ltd. Sindri vs Jagdish Prasad Kesharwani

Supreme Court12 October 1993R.M. Sahai

Ratio decidendi

The rule this decision rests on

Where a tender letter has been accepted by one party and constitutes a concluded contract, the courts below do not commit an error of law in so finding, and such acceptance cannot be defeated by the offering party's later unilateral alteration of price terms without notice to the other party. Where a party to a concluded contract unilaterally alters a material term of the contract (such as price) and cancels the contract without serving notice of such alteration on the other party, that party commits a breach of contract for which damages may be awarded, provided the finding of such breach is supported by material on record.

Written by Miss Lucy from the judgment below, not taken from a headnote.

Judgment

As delivered

PETITIONER:FERTILIZER CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD. SINDRI
Vs.
RESPONDENT:JAGDISH PRASAD KESHARWANI
DATE OF JUDGMENT12/10/1993
BENCH:SAHAI, R.M. (J)BENCH:SAHAI, R.M. (J)ANAND, A.S. (J)
CITATION:1994 SCC Supl. (2) 531
ACT:
HEADNOTE:
JUDGMENT:
ORDER

1.The only question that arises for consideration in this appeal is if the order passed in first appeal accepting the claim of plaintiff-respondent and decreeing the suit for damages suffers from any error of law.

2.The respondent filed suit for recovery of damages which he claims to have suffered on account of breach of a contract caused by the appellant and also for the loss of his reputation and goodwill. The claim was resisted as the tender offered by the respondent was accepted subject to certain terms and conditions and as the respondent did not comply with it the cancellation of the contract was in consonance with the termination clause and, therefore, the suit for damages for breach of contract was liable to be dismissed. It has been found, both, by the trial court and the High Court that the letter dated August 10, 1968 Exhibit 3-B issued by the appellant resulted into a concluded contract. The courts below have further held that the appellant was responsible for breach of contract. But the trial court decreed the claim for refund of security only. The High Court allowed the appeal and decreed the claim for damages. The claim for loss of goodwill etc. was dismissed.

3.The finding recorded by the High Court both on concluded contract and damages has been assailed vehemently by the learned counsel for the appellant. But a perusal of Exhibit 3-B indicates that the tender was accepted by the appellant therefore, the courts below did not commit any error of law in recording the finding that it was a case of concluded contract. It has been found by the High Court that it was an admitted position that the appellant made an alteration in the price but no notice of this was served on the respondent, yet, the contract was cancelled. Therefore it was clear that the breach was committed by the appellant. This finding is supported by material on record. The learned counsel for appellant could not persuade us to interfere with this finding recorded by the High Court.

4.Since the findings of concluded contract and its breach by the appellant do not suffer from any error of law the appeal is without any merit. It is accordingly dismissed. But there shall be no order as to costs.

534

This page reproduces a public judgment and a summary of it. It is research material, not legal advice, and it is no substitute for advice from an advocate on your own facts.

Research this judgment with Miss Lucy

Ask what it holds, what has followed it, and what it means for your matter — in plain English, with the citations.

Try Miss Lucy free